Derancistrus hovorei Lingafelter & Woodley, new species, is described from the Dominican Republic. A diagnosis is provided to discriminate it from morphologically similar taxa, in particular Derancistrodes vittatus (Olivier) and Derancistrus elegans (Palisot de Beauvois). Biological, distributional, and/or taxonomic notes are provided for other Hispaniolan Prioninae including Solenoptera dominicensis (Gahan), Elateropsis femoratus (Sallé), Sarifer seabrai Fragoso & Monné, and Mecosarthron domingoensis (Fisher).